HOW TO GET CRIMINAL DEFENSE ATTORNEY?

Were you arrested in Tanzania for a crime against a person (like assault and battery, rape, or murder), a crime against property (like shoplifting, burglary, or arson), a drug crime (marijuana possession or cocaine dealing), or any other criminal offense?

A criminal defense attorney can help, but not every attorney will be right for you.

In this guide, learn how to research your criminal defense attorneys in Tanzania, why you need to contact them and meet at their office. Also, find out what are the eight questions you should ask during your first interview to decide whether or not she or he will be in charge of your case.

How to get Criminal Defense Attorney in Tanzania?

A criminal defense attorney in Tanzania usually only does criminal work. He or she may have a few side areas of law, but the focus is always on defending people who have criminal problems. Thus, always avoid an attorney who says he has a general practice of real estate, family and corporate law.

Do not gauge criminal attorneys by the furniture in the waiting room in Tanzania. Do not expect him to be gushing, emotional or use fluffy social language at your arrival in the office like a commission sales clerk. The business of criminal law is deadly serious and your attorney will get immediately to business.

Money matters need quick clarification and agreement. Attorneys are expensive, and few and fewer are accepting legal aid. Here you will be guided by your income. If you cannot pay for the one you have selected, he will gladly suggest one suitable in Tanzania to your ability to pay.

Not Every Criminal Defense Attorney in Tanzania will be Right for You

You must be sure that your philosophy of how to handle your criminal defense case matches that of your attorneys; both of you need to be on the same page. It is important that you ask questions and gather information which reveals the attorney’s philosophy for handling cases in Tanzania.

Selecting the right criminal defense attorney in Tanzania for your case will help you get through legal problems with the least amount of time, stress and money.

How to search for Criminal Attorney?

Once you have selected a criminal defense attorney in Tanzania to meet with, the next thing you should do is look into that attorney's experience and background. There are several ways to do this, like;

Search the Internet

Do a Google search on your attorney. Look for a legal blog, a website, news stories quoting or featuring the attorney in Tanzania, and other online information. Ideally, your attorney should devote almost all of his or her practice to the criminal defense matter you are willing to solve.

Contact the State Office of Court Administration

This office can tell you when the attorney was admitted to practice law, where he or she went to school and when he or she graduated, and whether the attorney is in good standing or has a record of disciplinary actions.

Ask around

You should ask your circle of friends and professional advisers (accountants, attorneys, even some of their past or existing clients in Tanzania, etc) what they know about the attorney, or if they know someone who does know about the attorney.

Written by: Law staff team.

To be continue ...

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BRELA: BEI MPYA ZA USAJILI WA KAMPUNI NA JINA LA BIASHARA

BUSINESS REGISTRATIONS AND LICENSING AGENCY

                                   TAARIFA KWA UMMA

Kufuatia Matangazo ya Serikali Namba 126 na 127 ya tarehe 25 Aprili 2014, ada mbalimbali zinazotozwa chini ya Sheria ya Makampuni (Sura 212) na Sheria ya Kuandikisha Majina ya Biashara (Sura 213) zimebadilika. Ada hizi mpya zitaanza kutumika rasmi kuanzia tarehe 1 Julai 2015, na zitakuwa kama ifuatavyo:-

A: Sheria ya Makampuni (Sura 212)

1.       Kampuni ambayo mtaji wake ni :

(a)    Zaidi ya Tsh. 20,000/= lakini hauzidi Tsh.  1,000,000/=                  95,000/=

(b)   Zaidi ya Tsh. 1,000,000/= lakini hauzidi Tsh   5,000,000/=                       175,000/=

(c)    Zaidi ya Tsh. 5,000,000/= lakini hauzidi Tsh  20,000,000/=                       260,000/=

(d)   Zaidi ya Tsh. 20,000,000/= lakini hauzidi Tsh 50,000,000/=               290,000/=

(e)   Zaidi ya Tsh. 50,000,000/=                                                                          440,000/=

2.       Kwa usajili wa kampuni isiyokuwa na mtaji                                         300,000/=

3.       Kutunziwa jina la kampuni                                                                     50,000/=

4.       Kubadilisha jina la kampuni                                                                   22,000/=

5.       Msajili kupokea au kusajili waraka wowote unaotakiwa

kisheria kupelekwa kwake                                                                      22,000/=

6.       Ada ya kuchelewa kupeleka  waraka wowote unaotakiwa kisheria

kupelekwa kwa Msajili (kwa mwezi au sehemu ya mwezi)                    22,000/=

7.       Kuwasilisha Mizania ya kampuni                                                           22,000/=

8.       Kuthibitisha waraka wowote, kwa kila ukurasa                                                  3,000/=

9.       Kufanya upekuzi kwenye jalada lolote                                                                  3,000/=

10.   Kupata taarifa za kampuni kwa maandishi,kila jalada                             22,000/=

11.   Kusajili Hati ya Dhamana (Charge) iliyowekwa na kampuni                       22,000/=

12.   Kupata nakala ya Cheti cha usajili wa kampuni                                                     4,000/=

13.   Ada zinazolipwa na kampuni zinazoandikishwa chini ya sehemu ya XII ya Sheria    :

(a)    Kusajili katiba au waraka wowote unaotambulika kama ndio

 Katiba ya kampuni yao                                                                             $ 750.00

(b)   Kusajili au kuwasilisha waraka wowote unaopaswa

Kuwasilishwa kwa Msajili chini ya sehemu ya XII ya sheria,

Isipokuwa mahesabu ya kampuni                                                               $ 220.00

(c)    Kuwasilisha Mahesabu ya Kampuni                                                            $ 220.00

(d)   Ada ya kuchelewesha kuwasilisha kwa Msajili waraka wowote

Unaopaswa kuwasilishwa kwake (kwa mwezi au sehemu ya mwezi)                    $  25.00

B: Sheria ya Kuandikisha Majina ya Biashara (Sura 213)

1.       i.          Ada ya usajili wa Jina la Biashara                                                        15,000/=

ii.         Ada ya mabadiliko ya taarifa zilizosajiliwa                                         15,000/=

iii.        Upekuzi kwenye daftari la Majina ya Biashara                                                  2,000/=

iv.        Ada ya kupata nakala ya nyaraka ambayo haijathibitishwa

            kwa kila ukurasa au sehemu ya ukurusa                                                             3,000/=

v.         Kuthibitisha nyaraka ya aina yoyote                                                      4,000/=

vi.        Ada ya kufuta jina la biashara                                                             10,000/=

vii.       Ada ya kupata nakala ya cheti cha usajili                                            15,000/=

viii.      Malipo ya kuchelewa kuwasilisha nyaraka katika muda

uliopangwa, kwa kila mwezi au sehemu ya mwezi                                1,000/=

ix.       Ada ya utunzaji wa jalada kwa mwaka                                                    5,000/=     

2.

(i)         Ushuru wa stempu hutozwa katika kila nakala ya cheti cha usajili

wa Jina la Biashara kitakachoombwa                                                                    500/=

                                                                   

        Imetolewa na

Msajili Makampuni / Majina ya Biashara

Simu: (+255-22)2181344 / 2180141 / 2180048 / 218004

KWA MAELEZO ZAIDI BOFYA BRELA

PUBLIC NOTICE

Following Government Notices Number 126 and 127 published on 25 April 2014, fees payable under the Companies Act (Cap. 212) and Business Names (Registration) Act (Cap. 213, R.E. 2002) have been revised. The new fees will come into effect from the 1^st July 2015, and will be as follows:-

A: Companies Act (Cap.  212)

1.       For the registration of a company having a capital whose nominal share capital is:

a)      More than 20,000/= but not more than 1M                                    95,000/=

b)      More than 1M but not more than 5M                                           175,000/=

c)       More than 5M but not more than 20M                                         260,000/=

d)      More than 20M but not more than 50M                                       290,000/=

e)      More than 50M                                                                             440,000/=

2.       For the registration of a company not having  a share capital ,Fee     300,000/=

3.       For reservation of a company name                                                      50,000/=

4.       For company name change                                                                   22,000/=

5.       For the receipt  and/or registration by Registrar of any document

            which under the Act is to be delivered to him                                   22,000/=

6.       For the late filling/registration fee to be paid to the Registrar of any

document delivered to him (per month or part thereof)                     22,000/=        

7.       For filling of Annual Returns                                                             22,000/=

8.       For certification of any document, per page                                          3,000/=

9.       For making search in any file/perusal                                                     3,000/=

10.   For obtaining a written search report per file                                       22,000/=

11.   For registration of a Charge created by a Company                           22,000/=

12.   For obtaining a copy of Certificate of Incorporation                            4,000/=   

13.   For payable by a company to which Part XII of the Act

a.       For registration of certified copy of a charter ,status or

Memorandum and articles of the company, or other instruments

Constituting or defining the constitution of the company                   $ 750

b.      For registration of filling any document required to be delivered to

the Registrar under Part XII of the Act/other than the balance Sheet  $ 220

c.       For filling of Balance Sheet                                                                  $ 220

d.      For late filling/registration fee to be paid to the Registrar of any

document delivered to him out of time (per month or part thereof)     $ 25

B: Business Names (Registration) Act (Cap. 213, R.E. 2002)

Fees in TShs

1.       On application to register a business……………………………….. 15,000/=

2.       On application to register any alteration in particulars registered….              15,000/=

3.       For every inspection of the register…………………………………              2,000/=

4.       For an uncertified copy of an extract on the whole, of any document

in the custody of the Registrar, per page or part of a page………….              3,000/=

5.       For certifying any document or extract of a document……………..                          4,000/=

6.       On application to register of Notice of Cessation of Business ……..            10,000/=

7.       For issue of duplicate certificate of any registration………………...           15,000/=

8.       For making out of time any application which is required to be made

within a prescribed period, in addition to any other fee payable, for

every month or part of a month in default…………………………..              1,000/=

9.       Annual maintenance fee…………………………………………….                          5,000/=

              Issued by

Registrar of Companies / Business Names

Tel: (+255-22)2181344 / 2180141 / 2180048 / 218004

 

KWA MAELEZO ZAIDI BOFYA BRELA

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USINUNUE NYUMBA/KIWANJA BILA KUSOMA HIZI SHERIA

Do not buy Land or House without  reading the following;

Kwa muda mrefu sasa kumekuwepo na migogoro ya mashamba, viwanja na nyumba  hasa maeneo ya mijini.  Kwa utafiti wa kawaida utagundua kwa haraka baadhi ya sababu ambazo husababisha hali hii.Uaminifu, tamaa, kutelekeza maeneo kwa muda mrefu, utendaji mbovu wa  baadhi ya watumishi katika mamlaka za ardhi, uzembe na kutojali ni baadhi ya sababu  ambazo huchangia kuwapo  na kukua kwa tatizo hili. 

Baada ya kuwapo  tatizo hili wajibu mkubwa umebaki kwa watu wenyewe kuwa makini na waangalifu  katika mununuzi ya ardhi. Ni uangalifu na umakini pekee ambao waweza kumsaidia mtu kuepukana na  migogoro hii.  Katika kuwa mwangalifu yapo mambo ambayo mtu anaweza kuyafanya . Moja ya mambo hayo ni kuwa makini  kwa kuhakikisha unafuata taratibu zote unapokuwa unafanya mkataba wa manunuzi. 

Mkataba wa  manunuzi ya  kiwanja, nyumba si jambo jepesi kama wengi wanavyolifikiria. Ni jambo nyeti  hasa ikizingatiwa kuwa  ardhi ni mali ya kudumu . Hii maana yake ni kuwa umri wote wa kiwanja au nyumba yako  itakaoishi iwe miaka mia au mia mbili itakuwa inalindwa na mkataba huohuo. 

Hakika si jambo  jepesi. Nataka nieleze kuwa watu wengi wanafanya  mikataba ya manunuzi ya viwanja nyumba kienyeji na kiholela. Wanafananisha mikataba hii na mikataba ya ununuzi wa vitu ambavyo haviishi hata miaka kumi kama magari. 

Ni hatari sana na wengi wamepoteza nyumba  na viwanja kimchezomchezo. Ubaya zaidi ni kuwa unapokuwa na mkataba wa  kiwanja au nyumba ambao haukidhi viwango vya kisheria  na bahati mbaya ukatokea mgogoro ni rahisi sana kupoteza  eneo lako bila kujali ni kiasi gani  umewekeza katika kulimiliki.

 Niseme tu kuwa kila mkataba si mkataba mikataba mingine ni maandishi  tu na wala haikidhi viwango vya kuitwa mikataba. Mikataba ya aina hii ni mikataba ambayo haiwezi kumlinda wala kumtetea mnunuzi anapokuwa na mgogoro. Nazungumzia zaidi wanunuzi  kwakuwa  ndio waathirika wakubwa wa migogoro kwa kuwa upande wao ni wa kupoteza. 

Mkataba wa ununuzi wa kiwanja au nyumba unatakiwa kuwa na baadhi ya mambo ya msingi sana ambayo kwa fursa hii baadhi nitayaeleza ili wenye kufaidika na wafaidike. Nitaeleza kwa mtindo wa dondoo mambo ya msingi ambayo hutakiwa kuwa katika mkataba wa mauziano ya kiwanja au nyumba.

MKATABA WA  NYUMBA   LAZIMA  UWE  KATIKA  MAANDISHI.
House 

Sura ya 345 Sheria ya mikataba ya 2002 huwa inatambua mikataba ya aina mbili yaani mikataba ya  maneno  na mikataba ya maandishi. Suala msingi huwa ni kuthibitisha ule mkataba wako wa maneno au maandishi kwa kuleta mashahidi au ushahidi.Hata hivyo hali ni tofauti katika upande wa ardhi kwa kuwa kifungu cha 34(1)(a) cha Sheria ya Ardhi kinasema kuwa mkataba wowote wa kuhamisha umiliki wa ardhi(kuuza,kununua) au kuweka rehani ardhi utalindwa na sheria iwapo utakuwa katika maandishi. Hii maana yake ni kuwa mtu ahakikishe kuwa anapouza au kununua ardhi ni muhimu mkataba ule ukawa katika maandishi .Watu wazingatie hapa kuwa iwe ardhi unainunua kwa mzazi wako  , ndugu yako au rafiki yako kipenzi ni lazima mkataba uwe katika maandishi . Bila hivyo athari zake ni kuwa  kiwanja au nyumba yako haina ulinzi wa sheria.

Yafuatayo ni muhimu kuonekana katika mkataba:                   

( a ) MAJINA  YA  WAHUSIKA  YAONEKANE  KWA  UREFU

Lazima kuwe na majina ya wahusika ambayo yatakuwa yameandikwa kwa urefu  na kwa kueleweka.Mfano jina liwe Aloys Anold Ntagazwa . Epuka kuandika vifupi  mfano A.A. Ntagazwa. Jina linatakiwa liwe katika ukamilifu wake na hasa pawe na majina matatu kamili. Pia majina  ya pande zote mbili yaani muuzaji na mnunuzi yatokee hivyohiyvo  si tu majina ya upande mmoja. Yawezekana mkataba mwingine unahusisha watu wengi zaidi  pia ni muhimu  majina matatu ya kila mmoja yaonekane hata kama  wako ishirini.Umuhimu wake ni kuwa jina linapoonekana kwa ukamilifu wake inaepusha uwezekano wa mtu kukataa jina lake au  kumsingizia mwingine ambaye ana majina yanafanana. Wapo watu wanafanana majina mawili lakini hali hiyo si rahisi kwa majina matatu. Pia katika majina hayo hadhi ya kila mmoja iainishwe mbele ya jina lake. Mfano kama ni muuzaji  au mnunuzi mbele iandikwe kuwa huyu ni muuzaji na huyu ni mnunuzi. 

(  b ) ANUANI   KAMILI   YA MAKAZI  YA   MUUZAJI NI LAZIMA.

Anuani za muuzaji au mnunuzi  ziwepo ikiwa ni pamoja na namba ya simu. Anuani ya muuzaji ni lazima kuliko ya mnunuzi kutokana na nafasi yake. Anuani hapa sio tu  P.O BOX…. hapana  anuani ni kwa maana ya maelekezo kamili ya makazi ambapo akihitajika panapo mgogoro atapatikana. Pia kuna suala la namba ya simu  ni muhimu sana kwasasa kutokana na msaada mkubwa wa mawasiliano haya endapo mtu atahitajika. Anuani yaweza kuwa hivi Muuzaji ni Abdu Salum Galio wa Dar es salaam, Mwananyamala A, ccm Mwinjuma mtaa wa kisiwani nyumba no 123 ( 0784 788 987) .Hapa ni rahisi kumpata mtu hata likitokea la kutokea.

( c ) KUWEPO  NA  KIFUNGU KINACHOONESHA  NIA  NA UHALALI  WA  MMILIKI

Awali kabisa  wakati mkataba unapokuwa unaanza ni vema kikawapo kipengele kinachoonesha nia ya kuuza na nia ya kununua ikiwa ni pamoja na  uhalali wa muuzaji kumiliki eneo. Mfano Muuzaji ana nia ya kuuza kiwanja/nyumba na mnunuzi ana nia ya kunnuna kiwanja/nyumba tajwa na muuzaji  anathitibitisha kwa kusema kuwa yeye ni mmiliki halali wa kiwanja/nyumba husika. Muonekano uwe hivyo. Muuzaji anapothibitisha umiliki anakuwa amejifunga na ni vigumu kukana kuwa hamiliki chochote na hivyo hajawahi kuuza.

  (  d  ) BEI  YA  MAUZIANO  IANDIKWE   KWA  NAMBA  NA KWA  MANENO.                         Bei au gharama halisi ya mauziano ioneshwe. Iandikwe kwa tarakimu yaani namba mfano 1,000,000/= na kwa maneno katika mabano ( Milioni moja tu).Ni muhimu yote mawili yaonekane , hii huondoa utata.Tarehe ya mkataba ioneshwe sambamba  na maelezo kama fedha imelipwa yote au kiasi.Iwe hivi, Leo tarehe 12. 12  2014 mnunuzi  mtajwa hapo juu amekubali kununua kiwanja/nyumba tajwa kwa  kiasi cha Tshs 1,000,000/= ( Milioni moja tu). Hii inaondoa ile habari ya sikuelewa zile namba zilimaanisha nini au sikuelewa maneno yalimaanisha nini.

( e ) KAMA  PESA  IMELIPWA YOTE  AU  KIASI  KIPENGELE  KIONESHE.

Pia  lazima kuwepo na kipengele kinachoonesha kuwa pesa imelipwa yote au hapana mfano, pesa hiyo imelipwa yote na hivyo mnunuzi hadaiwi .

Kama kuna kiasi kilichobaki kianishwe kwa tarakimu na pia kwa maneno  kama nilivyoonesha hapo juu. Muda wa kulipa kilichobaki nao uainishwe ikiwa ni pamoja na hatua za kuchukua ikiwa muda uliowekwa utapita. Mkataba  lazima uoneshe muda ukipita  nini kifanyike mfano ikifika tarehe 7. 12. 2015 saa kumi jioni kiasi cha pesa iliyobaki hakijalipwa basi mali itamrudia mwenye nayo na mnunuzi hatakuwa na deni lolote dhidi ya muuzaji, au itahesabika kuwa mkataba umevunjika  na  mnunuzi atatakiwa kumlipa fidia ya kiasi fulani muuzaji kwa kuvunja mkataba. 

( f  ) HADHI  YA  KIWANJA/NYUMBA  KUHUSU  KODI   IONESHWE

Land Rent and Property Tax payment

Mkataba wa  kiwanja au nyumba  uoneshe kama kimelipiwa kodi ya ardhi ( Land rent) na kama hakijalipiwa mkataba ueleze nani atalipa kodi hiyo kati ya anayenunua au anayeuza.Mfano Muuzaji anamhakikishia mnunuzi kuwa amelipa kodi ya ardhi( Land Rent) pamoja  na kodi ya jengo( Property Tax).

(  g ) MALI   ILIYOUZWA  ICHAMBULIWE   VYEMA

 Mali inayouzwa au iliyohusishwa kwenye mkataba ichambuliwe vyema. Kama ni kiwanja au nyumba ielezwe mtaa, kata, tarafa kitongoji,mkoa,plot namba kama ipo, urefu, upana, ikiwezekana  jirani wa kushoto na kulia.au magharibi, mashariki.Mfano nyumba hiyo ipo  Dar es salaam, Mwananyamala A . ccm Mwinjuma mtaa wa kisiwani  plot no 123. Hapa ni muhimu taarifa zote zilizo kwenye hati au leseni ya makazi kuingia katika mkataba .

 ( h ) KIPENGELE KINACHOMBANA  MUUZAJI KUTOA  USHIRIKIANO  UKITOKEA  MGOGORO

Ni muhimu sana  mkataba uweke wajibu  kwa muuzaji kuwa tayari kumpa ushirikiano   mnunuzi iwapo mali aliyomuuzia itaonekana kuwa na mgogoro mbeleni.Mfano muuzaji atampa ushirikiano mnunuzi endapo kutatokea mgogoro wowote kuhusiana na mauziano haya. Hii huwa inasaidia kumlazimisha muuzaji kuwa shahidi  kama litatokea tatizo mbeleni. Bila kipengele hiki muuzaji anaweza akakataa kukutolea ushahidi au akahitaji  malipo ili akutolee ushahidi wakati yeye  pengine ndo amekuuzia kiwanja chenye mgogoro. Anakuingiza katika matatizo halafu hataki kutokea. Kwa kipengele hiki kutokea  haitakuwa hiyari tena isipokuwa wajibu usio na mjadala kwakuwa  ni sehemu ya makubaliano.

( i ) IONESHWE   NANI  ATATATUA  MGOGORO  IWAPO UKITOKEA

Pia ni muhimu sana mkataba uoneshe iwapo mgogoro wowote utatokea kuhusiana na mkataba huo nini wahusika wafanye. Mfano endapo mgogoro utatokea kuhusiana na mkataba huu mahakama ya ardhi ya Tanzania  ndio itahusika na utatuzi wa mgogoro. 

Mara nyingi kipengele hiki huwa cha mwisho kabisa kabla ya sahihi za mashahidi na wahusika

( j ) MASHAHIDI  KUWEKA  MAJINA  NA SAHIHI

Witnesses must write their names with signature

Kila upande hata ukiwa na shahidi mmoja wala si mbaya. Shahidi awe mtu wa kuaminika , mtu mzima na mwenye akili timamu. Wataandika majina yao matatu kwa urefu kama yalivyo  ya wahusika  na pia wataweka sahihi zao huku  ikioneshwa shahidi yupi wa upande upi na yupi wa upande upi. Wakili ni mtu muhimu sana kwa wakati huu kwani  wakili anaweza kuwa shahidi pekee bila kuwapo shahidi mwingine yeyote. Wakili  anakuwa shahidi wa  wote wawili na panakuwa hapahitajiki mwingine yeyote.Pia wakili ni shahidi wa kuaminika  zaidi na anaaminiwa na kila mamlaka ikiwemo mahakama na hivyo uwepo wake katika mkataba  ni ulinzi tosha kwa mkataba wako.Basi shahidi kama ni wakili au mwingine ataandika jina lake kwa urefu na kusaini mbele yake. Wakili ataweka na muhuli pia.

( k ) KUBANDIKA  PICHA  YA MUUZAJI  NA  MNUNUZI

Stamp on pictures of Buyer and Seller

Picha  ndogo yenye kuonesha taswira ya mtu kwa ukamilifu (passport size) ni  muhimu sana na ibandikwe mbele ya jina la mtu. Si muhimu sana kwa mashahidi lakini  kwa wahusika wenyewe ni muhimu sana. 

( l ) KUWEKA  ALAMA  YA  DOLE GUMBA

Alama ya  dole gumba mbele ya jina nayo ni muhimu sana. Hii ni kutokama na alama hii kutoweza kwa namna yoyote kuingiliwa au kughushiwa.Tia dole kwenye kablasha ya muhuri na weka dole gumba mbele ya kila jina. Hii pia si lazima kwa mashahidi.

Kwa ufupi hayo ni baadhi  tu ya mambo ya msingi katika kukufanya kuwa salama na kiwanja/nyumba yako. Kutokufanya hivi kunakuweka katika hatari kubwa ya kupoteza. 

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